ITIS - Report: Macrobiotus

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Macrobiotus C. A. S. Schultze, 1834
Taxonomic Serial No.: 155364

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Taxonomy and Nomenclature


	Kingdom:	Animalia
	Taxonomic Rank:	Genus
	Synonym(s):
	Common Name(s):

	Taxonomic Status:
	Current Standing:	valid

	Data Quality Indicators:
	Record Credibility Rating:	verified - standards met
	Global Species Completeness:	complete
	Latest Record Review:	2022

Taxonomic Hierarchy


	Kingdom	Animalia – Animal, animaux, animals
	Subkingdom	Bilateria – triploblasts
	Infrakingdom	Protostomia
	Superphylum	Ecdysozoa
	Phylum	Tardigrada Doyère, 1840 – tardigrades, water bears, tardigrades, tardígrado
	Class	Eutardigrada Richters, 1926 – eutardigrades
	Order	Parachela Schuster, Nelson, Grigarick and Christenberry, 1980
	Superfamily	Macrobiotoidea Thulin, 1928
	Family	Macrobiotidae Thulin, 1928
	Genus	Macrobiotus C. A. S. Schultze, 1834
		Direct Children:
	Species	Macrobiotus acadianus (Meyer and Domingue, 2011)
	Species	Macrobiotus almadai Fontoura, Pilato and Lisi, 2008
	Species	Macrobiotus alvaroi Pilato and Kaczmarek, 2007
	Species	Macrobiotus anderssoni Richters, 1907
	Species	Macrobiotus andinus Maucci, 1988
	Species	Macrobiotus anemone Meyer, Domingue and Hinton, 2014
	Species	Macrobiotus annae Richters, 1908
	Species	Macrobiotus annewintersae Vecchi and Stec, 2021
	Species	Macrobiotus ariekammensis Wêglarska, 1965
	Species	Macrobiotus artipharyngis Iharos, 1940
	Species	Macrobiotus ascensionis Richters, 1908
	Species	Macrobiotus azzunae Ben Marnissi, Cesari, Rebecchi and Bertolani, 2021
	Species	Macrobiotus basiatus Nelson, Adkins Fletcher, Guidetti, Roszkowska, Grobys and Kaczmarek, 2021
	Species	Macrobiotus birendrai Kayastha, Roszkowska, Mioduchowska, Gawlak and Kaczmarek, 2021
	Species	Macrobiotus biserovi Bertolani, Guidi and Rebecchi, 1995
	Species	Macrobiotus brevipes Mihelcic, 1971
	Species	Macrobiotus caelestis Coughlan, Michalczyk and Stec, 2019
	Species	Macrobiotus canaricus Stec, Krzywanski and Michalczyk, 2018
	Species	Macrobiotus carsicus Maucci, 1954
	Species	Macrobiotus caymanensis Meyer, 2011
	Species	Macrobiotus crustulus Stec, Dudziak and Michalczyk, 2020
	Species	Macrobiotus dariae Pilato and Bertolani, 2004
	Species	Macrobiotus deceptor Meyer, Hinton, Gladney and Klumpp, 2017
	Species	Macrobiotus denticulus Dastych, 2002
	Species	Macrobiotus diversus Biserov, 1990
	Species	Macrobiotus drakensbergi Dastych, 1993
	Species	Macrobiotus dubius Murray, 1907
	Species	Macrobiotus dulciporus Roszkowska, Gawlak, Draga and Kaczmarek, 2019
	Species	Macrobiotus echinogenitus Richters, 1903
	Species	Macrobiotus engbergi Stec, Tumanov and Kristensen, 2020
	Species	Macrobiotus euxinus (Pilato, Kiosya, Lisi, Inshina and Biserov, 2011)
	Species	Macrobiotus evelinae De Barros, 1938
	Species	Macrobiotus gemmatus Bartos, 1963
	Species	Macrobiotus glebkai Biserov, 1990
	Species	Macrobiotus gretae (Massa, Guidetti, Cesari, Rebecchi and Jönsson, 2021)
	Species	Macrobiotus halophilus Fontoura, Rubal and Veiga, 2017
	Species	Macrobiotus hannae Nowak and Stec, 2018
	Species	Macrobiotus hibiscus De Barros, 1942
	Species	Macrobiotus horningi Kaczmarek and Michalczyk, 2017
	Species	Macrobiotus hufelandi C. A. S. Schultze, 1834
	Species	Macrobiotus humilis Binda and Pilato, 2001
	Species	Macrobiotus hyperboreus Biserov, 1990
	Species	Macrobiotus iharosi Pilato, Binda and Catanzaro, 1991
	Species	Macrobiotus insignis Bartos, 1963
	Species	Macrobiotus insularis Pilato, 2006
	Species	Macrobiotus joannae Pilato and Binda, 1984
	Species	Macrobiotus julianae (Meyer, 2012)
	Species	Macrobiotus kamilae Coughlan and Stec, 2019
	Species	Macrobiotus kazmierskii Kaczmarek and Michalczyk, 2009
	Species	Macrobiotus kirghizicus Tumanov, 2005
	Species	Macrobiotus kolleri Mihelcic, 1951
	Species	Macrobiotus komareki Bartos, 1939
	Species	Macrobiotus kristenseni Guidetti, Peluffo, Rocha, Cesari and Moly de Peluffo, 2013
	Species	Macrobiotus kurasi Dastych, 1981
	Species	Macrobiotus kyoukenus Cesari, Giovannini, Altiero, Guidetti, Cornette, Kikawada and Rebecchi, 2022
	Species	Macrobiotus lissostomus Durante Pasa and Maucci, 1979
	Species	Macrobiotus longipes Mihelcic, 1971
	Species	Macrobiotus macrocalix Bertolani and Rebecchi, 1993
	Species	Macrobiotus maculatus Iharos, 1973
	Species	Macrobiotus madegassus Maucci, 1993
	Species	Macrobiotus mandalaae Pilato, 1974
	Species	Macrobiotus margoae Stec, Vecchi and Bartels in Stec et al., 2021
	Species	Macrobiotus marlenae Kaczmarek and Michalczyk, 2004
	Species	Macrobiotus martini Bartels, Pilato, Lisi and Nelson, 2009
	Species	Macrobiotus modestus Pilato and Lisi, 2009
	Species	Macrobiotus naginae Vecchi, Stec, Vuori, Ryndov, Chartrain and Calhim, 2022
	Species	Macrobiotus naskreckii Bakowski, Roszkowska, Gawlak and Kaczmarek, 2016
	Species	Macrobiotus nebrodensis Pilato, Sabella, D'Urso and Lisi, 2017
	Species	Macrobiotus nelsonae Guidetti, 1998
	Species	Macrobiotus noemiae Roszkowska and Kaczmarek, 2019
	Species	Macrobiotus noongaris Coughlan and Stec, 2019
	Species	Macrobiotus norvegicus Mihelcic, 1971
	Species	Macrobiotus occidentalis Murray, 1910
	Species	Macrobiotus ocotensis Pilato, 2006
	Species	Macrobiotus ovidii Bartos, 1937
	Species	Macrobiotus ovovillosus Baumann, 1960
	Species	Macrobiotus pallarii Maucci, 1954
	Species	Macrobiotus papei Stec, Kristensen and Michalczyk, 2018
	Species	Macrobiotus papillosus Iharos, 1963
	Species	Macrobiotus patagonicus Maucci, 1988
	Species	Macrobiotus paulinae Stec, Smolak, Kaczmarek and Michalczyk, 2015
	Species	Macrobiotus persimilis Binda and Pilato, 1972
	Species	Macrobiotus personatus Biserov, 1990
	Species	Macrobiotus picardi Mihelcic, 1960
	Species	Macrobiotus pisacensis Kaczmarek, Cytan, Zawierucha, Diduszko and Michalczyk, 2014
	Species	Macrobiotus polonicus Pilato, Kaczmarek, Michalczyk and Lisi, 2003
	Species	Macrobiotus polyopus Marcus, 1928
	Species	Macrobiotus polypiformis Roszkowska, Ostrowska, Stec, Janko and Kaczmarek, 2017
	Species	Macrobiotus porifini Kuzdrowska, Mioduchowska, Gawlak, Bartylak, A. Kepel, M. Kepel and Kaczmarek, 2021
	Species	Macrobiotus porteri Rahm, 1931
	Species	Macrobiotus potockii Wêglarska, 1968
	Species	Macrobiotus primitivae De Barros, 1942
	Species	Macrobiotus psephus Du Bois-Reymond Marcus, 1944
	Species	Macrobiotus pseudopallari Stec, Vecchi and Michalczyk in Stec et al., 2021
	Species	Macrobiotus punctillus Pilato, Binda and Azzaro, 1991
	Species	Macrobiotus ragonesei Binda, Pilato, Moncada and Napolitano, 2001
	Species	Macrobiotus ramoli Dastych, 2005
	Species	Macrobiotus rawsoni Horning, Schuster and Grigarick, 1978
	Species	Macrobiotus rebecchii Stec, 2022
	Species	Macrobiotus recens Cuénot, 1932
	Species	Macrobiotus ripperi Stec, Vecchi and Michalczyk in Stec et al., 2021
	Species	Macrobiotus rollei Heinis, 1920
	Species	Macrobiotus rubens Murray, 1907
	Species	Macrobiotus rybaki Stec and Vecchi in Vecchi and Stec, 2021
	Species	Macrobiotus sandrae Bertolani and Rebecchi, 1993
	Species	Macrobiotus santoroi Pilato and D'Urso, 1976
	Species	Macrobiotus sapiens Binda and Pilato, 1986
	Species	Macrobiotus scoticus Stec, Morek, Gasiorek, Blagden and Michalczyk, 2017
	Species	Macrobiotus semmelweisi Pilato, Binda and Lisi, 2006
	Species	Macrobiotus serratus Bertolani, Guidi and Rebecchi, 1995
	Species	Macrobiotus seychellensis Biserov, 1994
	Species	Macrobiotus shennongensis Yang, 1999
	Species	Macrobiotus shonaicus Stec, Arakawa and Michalczyk, 2018
	Species	Macrobiotus sottilei Pilato, Kiosya, Lisi and Sabella, 2012
	Species	Macrobiotus striatus Mihelcic, 1949
	Species	Macrobiotus terminalis Bertolani and Rebecchi, 1993
	Species	Macrobiotus terricola Mihelcic, 1949
	Species	Macrobiotus tetraplacoides Fontoura, 1981
	Species	Macrobiotus topali Iharos, 1969
	Species	Macrobiotus trunovae Biserov, Pilato and Lisi, 2011
	Species	Macrobiotus virgatus Murray, 1910
	Species	Macrobiotus vladimiri Bertolani, Biserov, Rebecchi and Cesari, 2011
	Species	Macrobiotus wandae Kayastha, Berdi, Miaduchowska, Gawlak, Lukasiewicz, Goldyn and Kaczmarek, 2020
	Species	Macrobiotus yunshanensis Yang, 2002

References


	Expert(s):
	Expert:
	Notes:
	Reference for:

	Other Source(s):
	Source:	Actual checklist of Tardigrada species v41, pdf (version 41th Ed.)
	Acquired:	2022
	Notes:	Degma, Peter, and Roberto Guidetti. 16-05-2022. Actual checklist of Tardigrada species (2009-2022, 41th Edition: 16-05-2022). Available from https://hdl.handle.net/11380/1178608
	Reference for:	Macrobiotus

	Source:	NODC Taxonomic Code, database (version 8.0)
	Acquired:	1996
	Notes:
	Reference for:	Macrobiotus

	Publication(s):
	Author(s)/Editor(s):	Bertolani, Roberto, and Lorena Rebecchi
	Publication Date:	1993
	Article/Chapter Title:	A revision of the Macrobiotus hufelandi group (Tardigrada, Macrobiotidae), with some observations on the taxonomic characters of eutardigrades
	Journal/Book Name, Vol. No.:	Zoologica Scripta, vol. 22, no. 2
	Page(s):	127-152
	Publisher:
	Publication Place:
	ISBN/ISSN:	0300-3256
	Notes:
	Reference for:	Macrobiotus

	Author(s)/Editor(s):	Guidetti, Roberto, and Roberto Bertolani
	Publication Date:	2005
	Article/Chapter Title:	Tardigrade taxonomy: an updated check list of the taxa and a list of characters for their identification
	Journal/Book Name, Vol. No.:	Zootaxa, vol. 845
	Page(s):	1-46
	Publisher:
	Publication Place:
	ISBN/ISSN:	1175-5326
	Notes:	Online edition ISSN is 1175-5334: http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/
	Reference for:	Macrobiotus

	Author(s)/Editor(s):	Schuster, R. O., D. R. Nelson, A. A. Grigarick, and D. Christenberry
	Publication Date:	1980
	Article/Chapter Title:	Systematic Criteria of the Eutardigrada
	Journal/Book Name, Vol. No.:	Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, vol. 99, no. 3
	Page(s):	284-303
	Publisher:
	Publication Place:
	ISBN/ISSN:	0003-0023
	Notes:
	Reference for:	Macrobiotus

	Author(s)/Editor(s):	Schuster, Robert O., and Albert A. Grigarick
	Publication Date:	1965
	Article/Chapter Title:	Tardigrada from Western North America With Emphasis on the Fauna of California
	Journal/Book Name, Vol. No.:	University of California Publications in Zoology, vol. 76
	Page(s):	1-67
	Publisher:
	Publication Place:
	ISBN/ISSN:
	Notes:
	Reference for:	Macrobiotus

	Author(s)/Editor(s):	Thulin, Gustav
	Publication Date:	1928
	Article/Chapter Title:	Über die Phylogenie und das System der Tardigraden
	Journal/Book Name, Vol. No.:	Hereditas, vol. 11
	Page(s):	207-266
	Publisher:
	Publication Place:
	ISBN/ISSN:
	Notes:
	Reference for:	Macrobiotus

Geographic Information


	Geographic Division:

	Jurisdiction/Origin:

Comments


	Comment:

Disclaimer: ITIS taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and up-to-date information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in provisions of treaties to which the United States is a party, wildlife statutes, regulations, and any applicable notices that have been published in the Federal Register. For further information on U.S. legal requirements with respect to protected taxa, please contact the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.

Integrated Taxonomic Information System - Report