ITIS - Report: Encephalartos

Integrated Taxonomic Information System - Report

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Encephalartos Lehm.
Taxonomic Serial No.: 183250

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Taxonomy and Nomenclature


	Kingdom:	Plantae
	Taxonomic Rank:	Genus
	Synonym(s):
	Common Name(s):

	Taxonomic Status:
	Current Standing:	accepted

	Data Quality Indicators:
	Record Credibility Rating:	verified - standards met
	Global Species Completeness:	complete
	Latest Record Review:	2012

Taxonomic Hierarchy


	Kingdom	Plantae – plantes, Planta, Vegetal, plants
	Subkingdom	Viridiplantae – green plants
	Infrakingdom	Streptophyta – land plants
	Superdivision	Embryophyta
	Division	Tracheophyta – vascular plants, tracheophytes
	Subdivision	Spermatophytina – spermatophytes, seed plants, phanérogames
	Class	Cycadopsida – cycads
	Subclass	Cycadidae
	Order	Cycadales
	Family	Zamiaceae
	Genus	Encephalartos Lehm.
		Direct Children:
	Species	Encephalartos aemulans Vorster
	Species	Encephalartos altensteinii Lehm.
	Species	Encephalartos aplanatus Vorster
	Species	Encephalartos arenarius R.A. Dyer
	Species	Encephalartos barteri Carruth. ex Miq.
	Species	Encephalartos brevifoliolatus Vorster
	Species	Encephalartos bubalinus Melville
	Species	Encephalartos caffer (Thunb.) Lehm.
	Species	Encephalartos cerinus Lavranos & D.L. Goode
	Species	Encephalartos chimanimaniensis R.A. Dyer & I. Verd.
	Species	Encephalartos concinnus R.A. Dyer & I. Verd.
	Species	Encephalartos cupidus R.A. Dyer
	Species	Encephalartos cycadifolius (Jacq.) Lehm.
	Species	Encephalartos delucanus Malaisse, Sclavo & Crosiers
	Species	Encephalartos dolomiticus Lavranos & D.L. Goode
	Species	Encephalartos dyerianus Lavranos & D.L. Goode
	Species	Encephalartos equatorialis P.J.H. Hurter
	Species	Encephalartos eugene-maraisii I. Verd.
	Species	Encephalartos ferox G. Bertol. – Zululand cycad
	Species	Encephalartos friderici-guilielmi Lehm.
	Species	Encephalartos ghellinckii Lem.
	Species	Encephalartos gratus Prain
	Species	Encephalartos heenanii R.A. Dyer
	Species	Encephalartos hildebrandtii A. Braun & C.D. Bouché
	Species	Encephalartos hirsutus P.J.H. Hurter
	Species	Encephalartos horridus (Jacq.) Lehm.
	Species	Encephalartos humilis I. Verd.
	Species	Encephalartos inopinus R.A. Dyer
	Species	Encephalartos ituriensis Bamps & Lisowski
	Species	Encephalartos kisambo Faden & Beentje
	Species	Encephalartos laevifolius Stapf & Burtt Davy
	Species	Encephalartos lanatus Stapf & Burtt Davy
	Species	Encephalartos latifrons Lehm.
	Species	Encephalartos laurentianus De Wild.
	Species	Encephalartos lebomboensis I. Verd.
	Species	Encephalartos lehmannii Lehm.
	Species	Encephalartos longifolius (Jacq.) Lehm.
	Species	Encephalartos mackenziei L.E. Newton
	Species	Encephalartos macrostrobilus S. Jones & Wynants
	Species	Encephalartos manikensis (Gilliland) Gilliland
	Species	Encephalartos marunguensis Devred
	Species	Encephalartos middelburgensis Vorster
	Species	Encephalartos msinganus Vorster
	Species	Encephalartos munchii R.A. Dyer & I. Verd.
	Species	Encephalartos natalensis R.A. Dyer & I. Verd.
	Species	Encephalartos ngoyanus I. Verd.
	Species	Encephalartos nubimontanus P.J.H. Hurter
	Species	Encephalartos paucidentatus Stapf & Burtt Davy
	Species	Encephalartos poggei Asch.
	Species	Encephalartos princeps R.A. Dyer
	Species	Encephalartos pterogonus R.A. Dyer & I. Verd.
	Species	Encephalartos relictus P.J.H. Hurter
	Species	Encephalartos schaijesii Malaisse, Sclavo & Crosiers
	Species	Encephalartos schmitzii Malaisse
	Species	Encephalartos sclavoi A. Moretti, D.W. Stev. & De Luca
	Species	Encephalartos senticosus Vorster
	Species	Encephalartos septentrionalis Schweinf.
	Species	Encephalartos tegulaneus Melville
	Species	Encephalartos transvenosus Stapf & Burtt Davy
	Species	Encephalartos trispinosus (Hook.) R.A. Dyer
	Species	Encephalartos turneri Lavranos & D.L. Goode
	Species	Encephalartos umbeluziensis R.A. Dyer
	Species	Encephalartos villosus Lem.
	Species	Encephalartos whitelockii P.J.H. Hurter
	Species	Encephalartos woodii Sander – Wood's cycad

References


	Expert(s):
	Expert:	Dennis W. Stevenson
	Notes:	Vice President & Rupert Barnaby Curator for Botanical Science, New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY, 10458 USA
	Reference for:	Encephalartos

	Expert:	Roy Osborne
	Notes:	119 Calhoun Street, McDowall, Queensland, 4053 Australia
	Reference for:	Encephalartos

	Other Source(s):
	Source:	Checklist of CITES species, CD-ROM (version 2008)
	Acquired:	2009
	Notes:	UNEP-WCMC (Comps.) 2008. Checklist of CITES species (CD-ROM). CITES Secretariat, Geneva, Switzerland, and UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge, United Kingdom. ISBN 2-88323-029-3. Available online at http://www.unep-wcmc.org/species/sca/cd_checklist-info/ or from CITES Secretariat, Chemin des Anémones, 1219 Châtelaine, Genève, Switzerland
	Reference for:	Encephalartos

	Source:	Checklist of CITES Species Part 1 CITES species index, CD-ROM (version 2011)
	Acquired:	2011
	Notes:	UNEP-WCMC (Comps.) 2011. Checklist of CITES species (CD-ROM). CITES Secretariat, Geneva, Switzerland, and UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge, United Kingdom. ISBN 2-88323-030-7. Available online at http://www.cites.org/eng/resources/pub/checklist11/index.html or from CITES Secretariat, Chemin des Anémones, 1219 Châtelaine, Genève, Switzerland
	Reference for:	Encephalartos

	Source:	Gymnosperms of North America Update, database (version 2010)
	Acquired:	2010
	Notes:	Updated for ITIS by the Flora of North America Expertise Network, in connection with an update for USDA PLANTS (2007-2010)
	Reference for:	Encephalartos

	Source:	NODC Taxonomic Code, database (version 8.0)
	Acquired:	1996
	Notes:
	Reference for:	Encephalartos

	Source:	World List of Cycads, document (version 46)
	Acquired:	2010
	Notes:	Osbourne, Roy, Dennis Wm. Stevenson, Ken D. Hill, and Leonie Stanberg. The World List of Cycads / La Lista Mundial de Cícadas. In Press. Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Cycad Biology.
	Reference for:	Encephalartos

	Publication(s):
	Author(s)/Editor(s):	Christenhusz, Maarten J. M., James L. Reveal, Aljos Farjon, Martin F. Gardner, et al.
	Publication Date:	2011
	Article/Chapter Title:	A new classification and linear sequence of extant gymnosperms
	Journal/Book Name, Vol. No.:	Phytotaxa, vol. 19
	Page(s):	55-70
	Publisher:
	Publication Place:
	ISBN/ISSN:	1179-3155
	Notes:	Available online at http://www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/content/2011/f/pt00019p070.pdf
	Reference for:	Encephalartos

	Author(s)/Editor(s):	Lehmann, Johann Georg Christian
	Publication Date:	1834
	Article/Chapter Title:	De plantis Cycadeis praesertim Africae australis
	Journal/Book Name, Vol. No.:	Novarum et minus cognitarum stirpium pugillus sextus
	Page(s):	1-14
	Publisher:	J.A. Meissner
	Publication Place:	Hamburgi [Hamburg], Germany
	ISBN/ISSN:
	Notes:	Available online at http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31259217
	Reference for:	original description

	Author(s)/Editor(s):	Osborne, R., M. A. Calonje, K. D. Hill, L. Stanberg, and D. W. Stevenson
	Publication Date:	2012
	Article/Chapter Title:	The world list of cycads
	Journal/Book Name, Vol. No.:	Memoirs of The New York Botanical Garden, vol. 106
	Page(s):	480-508
	Publisher:
	Publication Place:
	ISBN/ISSN:	0077-8931
	Notes:
	Reference for:	Encephalartos

Geographic Information


	Geographic Division:

	Jurisdiction/Origin:

Comments


	Comment:	CITES: Appendix I adopted at the 15th meeting of the Conference of the Parties (Doha, 2010)

Disclaimer: ITIS taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and up-to-date information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in provisions of treaties to which the United States is a party, wildlife statutes, regulations, and any applicable notices that have been published in the Federal Register. For further information on U.S. legal requirements with respect to protected taxa, please contact the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.

Integrated Taxonomic Information System - Report